本文摘要:词汇精讲:1. silentsilent是形容词,意为“缄默沉静的;无言的”,其名词形式为silence。
词汇精讲:1. silentsilent是形容词,意为“缄默沉静的;无言的”,其名词形式为silence。例如:We shouldn’t keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions.当老师问我们问题时,我们不应该保持缄默沉静。She was silent when her mother asked her questions.她妈妈问她问题她缄默沉静不语。
【拓展】calm; still; quiet与silent的辨析:calm镇静的;平静的指不受滋扰时的平静、平静;指人时表现冷静的、镇定的。still不动的;静止的指物理上的平静状态。quiet平静的;静止的指寂静的状态,没有喧华、骚乱,指人表现娴静、文静。silent缄默沉静的;无言的主要指人,指不发作声音或不说话,强调无声的状态。
When we face danger, we should keep calm.面临危险,我们应该保持冷静、岑寂。The baby kept still when she was taking photos.当给这个婴儿照相时,她一动也不动。Be quiet, everyone. The teacher is coming.同学们,平静!老师来了。
2. helpfulhelpful 形容词,意为“有资助的”。例如:The dictionary is very helpful to me.那本字典对我很有资助。
helpful是由动词help加后缀“-ful”组成的形容词。动词加后缀“-ful”酿成形容词,是一种常见的构词法,类似的这样的词另有许多。例如:care→ carefuluse→ usefulwonder→wonderful3. score(1)score作动词,意为“得分;获胜”。例如:Hughes scored two goals before half-time.休斯在上半场进了两个球.The army continued to score successes in the south.军队在南方不停取告捷利。
(2)score作名词,意为“得分;二十;曲谱”。例如:I recorded the score in a notebook.我在条记本上记下了分数。He bought two scores of apples yesterday.他昨天买了四十个苹果。
Look at the score and try to play that song.看曲谱演奏一下那首曲子。4. interviewinterview用作动词,意为“采访,面试”。be interviewed by意为“被……采访”。
例如:We are going to interview the manager of this company.我们将要采访这家公司的司理。He has interviewed a lot of people for the job.他已面试过许多应聘这份事情的人。5. dare(1)dare用作实义动词,意为“敢于;胆敢”。
常组成短语dare to do sth.意为“敢于做某事”。有时 to 也可省去(尤其是在否认句或疑问句)。例如:He didn’t dare to look at her in the eye.他不敢正眼看她。
Did he dare (to) tell her? 他敢告诉她吗?We don’t dare (to) say anything. 我们什么也不敢说。(2)dare可用作情态动词,用作情态动词时,意思是“敢”,其后接动词原形,通常只用于否认句或疑问句以及if或whether引导的从句中,一般不用于肯定句。
例如:I don’t know whether he dare try. 我不知他是否敢试一试。I daren’t ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。【注意】dare后通常不接动词的举行式。
6. seldomseldom是副词,意为“很少,不常”,反义词是often,通常置于行为动词之前,be动词,情态动词和助动词之后,是一个表现否认意义的副词。例如:Mr Brown seldom goes out.布朗先生很少外出。【拓展】always, usually, often, sometimes和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。
(1)always 的频度为100%,表现行动重复、状态继续,中间没有中断,意思是“总是”、“永远地”。例如:The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。
(2)usually 的频度为80%左右,意为“通常”、“平常”,即很少有破例。例如:He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock.他通常10点钟睡觉。
(3)often 的频度为60%左右,意为“经常”,但不如usually那么频繁,表现行动重复,中间有中断。例如:He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。(4) sometimes 的频度为40%左右,意为“有时”,表现行动偶然发生。
可以位于句首,以示强调。例如:It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气乍寒乍热。Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.他有时这样做,有时那样做。
(5) seldom的频度为20%左右,意为“很少”、“不经常”。例如:I seldom go out these days. 这些天我险些不出门。(6) never 的频度为0,意为“从来不”、“永不”。
例如:My parents are never late for work.我怙恃上班从来不迟到。7. pridepride是名词,意为“自满,自豪”。常用的结构:take pride in sth. 意为“为某事自满”。They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist.他们为成为科学家的女儿而感应自豪。
He is the pride of our city. 他是我们都会的自满。【拓展】proud是形容词,常用结构:be proud of sth.意为“以……而自满”。I am very proud of being a Chinese.作为一名中国人我很自豪be proud to do sth. 意为“为做某事而自满”。
We are proud to be a league member.我们为成为团员而自满。8. absentabsent是形容词,意为“不在的;缺席的”。
例如:How many students are absent today?今天有几多学生缺席?Who is absent today?今天谁不在?【拓展】(1)absent的名词是absence,反义词是present,常用结构:be absent from…意为“缺席……”。与be away from…同义。
例如:Love was totally absent/away from his childhood.他童年时基础没有获得疼爱。The manager is absent/away from the meeting.司理缺席了集会。(2)absent-minded意为“心不在焉的;忘记的”,可用作表语或定语。
例如:He is always absent-minded.他总是心不在焉。句式精讲1. What’s he like now?What is sb./sth. like?是用来询问性格特征的。例如:—What is the old man like? 谁人老人怎么样?—He is kind. 他很平和。
【拓展】把上面句子的“be like”改为“look like”,即“What does/do sb./sth. look like? ”这个句式是询问某小我私家或物的外貌特征,意为“……看上去是什么样”。例如:—What does the old man look like? 谁人老人怎么样?—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。2. The head teacher advised his parents to …(1)advise表现“建议”,通常为及物动词,若其后的宾语是动词,通常应是动名词,而不能是不定式。例如:I advise waiting till the right time.我建议等到适当的时候。
(2)advise 之后不能直接跟不定式,但可接不定式的复合结构,常用于advise sb. to do sth.的结构中。例如:He advised us to sell the house.他建议我们把屋子卖了。
The doctor advised me to stop smoking.医生建议我戒烟。【拓展】advice是不行数名词,意为“意见、建议、劝告、忠告”,不能与不定冠词a 连用。例如:a piece of advice一条建议Let me give you some advice. 让我给你一些建议。
3. They also told me that even though they…even though意为“只管;既然;纵然”,有退一步设想的意味,相当于even if,多用于书面语中,引导让步状语从句。例如:He went on working with his assistant even though both of them were tired.只管他们两个都累了,他仍然和他的助手继续事情。Even if I have to sell my house, I will keep my business.纵然我卖掉屋子,我还是要继续我的事业。
4. Maria, you used to be short, didn’t you?(1)used to do sth是一个牢固结构,意思是“已往经常做某事”,后面用动词原形,表现已往的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者行动,并意味着这种行动现在已经不存在。例如:肯定句:I used to play with my friends after school.已往放学后我经常和朋侪们一起玩。
否认句:You didn’t use to like pop songs.=You usedn’t to like pop songs.你已往不喜欢盛行歌曲。一般疑问句:Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?你的妹妹已往很平静吗?there be句式:There used to be a lot of fishes in this river.已往这条小河经常有许多鱼。(2)you used to be short, didn’t you?是反意疑问句,表现对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问,要求对方用“yes”或“no”来举行回覆。反义疑问句由两部门组成:前一部门是陈述句,后一部门是疑问句,疑问句是由be ,have, 助动词或情态动词后接主语组成。
如果陈述句是肯定结构,反意疑问句须用否认结构;反之, 陈述句如果是否认结构,反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部门,必须保持人称和时态的一致。
He is old, isn’t he?他老了,不是吗?He never went there, did he?他从没有去过那里,是吗?无论哪种形式的反意疑问句,回覆时要遵循:“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否认式”—The girl is helping her mother with the housework, isn’t she?谁人女孩正在帮妈妈做家务,不是吗?—Yes, she is. 是的,她在帮。—No, she isn’t. 不,她没有帮。5. This party is such a great idea.such是形容词,意为“如此的,这样的”。
其后接名词,有以下几种用法:(1) such a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词。例如:Is there such a book? 有这样的书吗?(2) such + 形容词 + 复数名词。例如:There are such beautiful flowers. 有如此漂亮的花。
(3) such + 形容词 + 不行数名词。例如:I have never heard such terrible news.我从未听说过这样恐怖的消息。【拓展】so与such均有“如此的,这样的”之意,so是副词,通常修饰形容词或副词,而such是形容词,常修饰名词。“such a / an + adj. + 单数名词”可转换成“so + adj. + a /an + 单数名词”;另外,在表现“这么多(少)的……”时名词前有many; much; few或little时应用so而不用such。
例如:She has so many books. 她有如此多的书。She is such a nice girl. = She is so nice a girl.她是如此好的女孩。
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